Windows 11 - Various .exe files closing themselves after execution

I'm running a system that runs Windows 11. The issue is, that whenever I open certain programs, they open and after 2-10s they close themselves. Between the 2-10s the programs are frozen and don't respond to any keyboard or mouse inputs. When right clicking the .exe files and running the windows troubleshoot option, it seems to crash too. Both the troubleshooting option and the regular execution of programs seem to crash without any warnings or logs even when run from a console. This started happening today. There could be two things causing the issue: I updated windows 11 just this morning. I

Question by TrueJu on Super User, licensed CC BY-SA. We show a short excerpt and link to the original thread as credit.